The Soil River and Springs of Paradise
Al-Bukhari and Muslim report that the Prophet said:
“I entered Paradise where I saw lights of pearl ad its soil was musk.”
Muslim and Ahmad report from Abu Said that Ibn Sayyad asked the messenger (saws) about the soil of Paradise. He said:
“It is a fine white powder of pure musk.”
Ahmad reports from Jabir ibn Abdullah that the Messenger of Allah (saws) said concerning the Jews:
“I am going to ask them about the soil of Paradise which is a fine white powder.” So he asked them and they said, “It is like a loaf of bread, O Abul-Qasim.” The messenger of Allah (saws) said, “Bread is like pearls.” [an-Nihayah]
Ahmad At-Tirmidhi and Ad-Darimi reported that one of the companions asked:
“O Messenger of Allah (saws) from what are people made?” He said, “From water.” We asked, “From what is Paradise built?” He said “Bricks of gold and silver and mortar of fragrant musk, its pebbles are pearls and rubies and its soil is saffron. Whoever enters it is blessed with joy and will remain there forever and never die; his clothes will never wear out and his youth will never fade away.” [Mishkat al-Masabih]
Allah has also told us that rivers run beneath paradise:
“And give glad tidings to those who believe and do righteous good deeds that for them will be Gardens under which rivers flow…” [2:25]
“For them will be Gardens of Eternity: beneath them rivers will flow” [18:31]
The Prophet (saws) told us clearly about the rivers of Paradise. He said that during his Isra (Night Journey):
“…I saw 4 rivers flowing out from beneath Sidrat al-Muntaha and 2 visible and 2 hidden. He asked “O Jibril what are these rivers?” He said, “The two hidden rivers are rivers of Paradise and the 2 visible are the Nile and the Euphrates.” [Muslim]
Muslim reports from Abu Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah (saws) said:
“Sihran, Jihran, the Euphrates and the Nile are all from the rivers of Paradise.”
Sheikh Nasir ud-Din al-Bani said:
“Perhaps what is meant is that these rivers originated in Paradise just as mankind did; this hadith does not contradict the well established fact that these rivers spring forth from known sources on earth. If this is not in fact the meaning of this hadith then it is one of the matters of al-Ghayb [the Unseen] which we must believe and accept because the Prophet (saws) has told us about it.” [Silsilat al-Hadith as-Sahihah, 1/18]
Al-Qari said, “These 4 rivers are considered to be among the rivers of paradise because they are so fresh and beneficial and contain blessings from Allah and were honored by the fact that the Prophets came to them and drank from them.” [reported by al-Albani]
Another of the rivers of Paradise is al-Kawthar which Allah has given to His Messenger (saws):
“Verily We have granted you [O Muhammad] al-Kawthar [ a river in Paradise]” [108:1]
The Prophet (saws) saw it and told us about it. Al-Bukhari reported from Anas ibn Malik that the Prophet (saws) said:
“Whilst I was walking in Paradise I saw a river whose banks were domes of hollow pearls and I asked “What is this, O Jibril?” He said, “This is al-Kawthar which your Rabb has given to you.” And its scent –or its mud – was of fragrant musk.”
Ibn Abbas explained:
“al-Kawthar means the abundant blessings which Allah has bestowed upon His messenger (saws).”
Then Abu Bishr said to Said ibn Jabir who reported this comment from Ibn Abbas
“There are people who claim that it is a river in Paradise.” Said said “The river in Paradise is one of the blessings that Allah has bestowed upon him.” [Sahih al-Bukhari]
Also the Prophet said about this river:
“Do you know what al-Kawthar is?” They said, “Allah and His Messenger know best.” He said “It is a river that Allah (swt) has promised me and in it is much goodness.”
“I have been given al-Kawthar, which is a river flowing across the face of the earth; its banks are domes of pearls and its not covered. I touched its mud with my hand and found that it was fragrant musk and its pebbles were pearls.”
Also narrated by Ahmad from Anas, the Prophet (saws) said,
“It is a river that Allah (swt) has given to me in Paradise. Its mud is musk and its water is whiter than milk, and sweeter than honey. Birds with necks like necks of camels drink from it.”
The rivers of Paradise do not just contain water. There are rivers of water, of milk, of wine and of clear honey.
“The description of Paradise which the Muttaqun have been promised is that in it are rivers of water the taste and smell of which are not changed; rivers of milk of which the taste never changes; rivers of wine delicious to those who drink; and rivers of clarified honey [clear and pure]..[47:15]
At-Tirimidhi reports, with a sahih isnad from Hakim ibn Muawiyah that the Messener of Allah (saw) said,
“In Paradise there is a sea of honey a sea of wine , a sea of milk and a sea of water and the rivers flow out of these seas.”
He also told us of a river called Bariq, which flows by the gate of Paradise. During the period of al-Barzakh [the time between death and the day of Judgment] the shuhada are beside this river:
“The Shuhada [martyrs] are in a green dome beside the river of Bariq near the gate of Paradise, from which provision comes to them morning and evening.” [Sahih al-Jami]
Paradise also has many springs:
“Truly al-Muttaqun [the pious and righteous] will be amidst Gardens and Water springs” [15:45]
“Verily al-Muttaqun shall be amidst shades and springs.” [77:41]
In Paradise there are 2 springs from which al-Muqarrabun will drink pure and undiluted, whilst the Abrar will drink their water mixed with something else. The first is the Spring of Kafur
Verily the Abrar [The pious] those who fear Allah and avoid evil, shall drink a cup [of wine] mixed with water from a spring in Paradise called Kafur, A spring wherefrom the slaves of Allah will drink, causing it to gush forth abundantly.” [76:5-6]
The 2nd Sprin is of Tasnim, as Allah (swt) says:
“Verily al-Abrar will be in delight [Paradise], On thrones, looking at all things. You will recognize in their faces the brightness of delight. They will be given to drink Pure Sealed wine, the last thereof [that wine] will be the smell of musk and for this let [all] those who strive who want to strive [i.e. hasten earnestly to the obedience of Allah]. It [that wine] will be mixed with Tasnim a spring whereof drink those nearest to Allah.” [83:22-27]
Another of the Springs of Paradise is called Al-Salsabil as Allah (swt) says:
“And they will be given to drink there a cup [of wine] mixed with zanjabil [ginger], a spring there called Salsabil.” [76:17-18]
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